1. Interlocking Kelly Bar
- Structure: Features locking slots on the shaft; rigid torque and crowd force transmission via the interlocking engagement of locking lugs between inner and outer sections.
- Advantages: Supports full-load crowd force application; strong rock-penetrating capability; load-bearing capacity up to 700 MPa; the preferred choice for hard rock and moderately weathered rock formations.
- Applications: Building foundation piles, bridges, rock formations, and hard soil layers.
2. Friction Kelly Bar
- Structure: No mechanical locking slots; relies on friction between the shaft's drive keys to transmit pressure.
- Advantages: No unlocking required; fast raising and lowering speeds; allows for 1–2 additional sections compared to interlocking bars of the same outer diameter, enabling deeper drilling; simple operation; low risk of getting the Kelly bar stuck.
- Applications: Soft soil, silt, fill soil, deep foundation piles, and shallow municipal construction projects.

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